Darya V. NEKHAEVA The Development of Statistical Authorities in the USSR in the 1920s–1940s
DOI:10.22394/2225-8272-2024-13-2-24-33 EDN: TAFOHU
Keywords:
Central Statistical Office, RSFSR, USSR, The State Planning Committee, statistics, State Commission for Electrification of Russia planAbstract
The purpose of the article is to determine the stages of the development of statistical authorities in the USSR in the 1920s-1940s. At that time, a new system of economic relations and a new political regime were formed in the history of Russia. Under these conditions, statistical agencies have acquired a different nature of organization and work.
The research problem is to study the conditions of the development of statistical authorities in the USSR during the period stated under the study. At that time, the statistical authorities received new state task. During this period, statistical authorities performed an important function under the New Economic Policy, collectivization and industrialization conditions.
The author used historical and comparative methods that alowed to determine the stages of development of statistical authorities in the given period. The source-based method is used to study available sources, analyze the database and make the necessary list of them. The aim of the historical and chronological method is to determine the periods of formation of statistical authorities.
Based on the analysis, the author established the conditions for the development of statistical authorities and determined the stages of its development during the period under study. The author also found out the main goals set by the Soviet government to the statistical authorities. Namely, statistical agencies collected the necessary information when conducting state policy in the field of economics, social sphere and industry, as well as trade.
As a result, the author established the conditions for organizing the statistical authorities’ activities in the first two decades of Soviet power. It is noted that the Bolsheviks were interested in the work of statistical agencies. Among the first decrees of the Soviet government, a regulation on the organization of the work of statistical bodies was adopted. The first steps in Soviet statistics were made by statisticians who worked during the period of the Russian Empire. In the mid-1920s, there were conceptual changes in the statisticians’ work. Since that time, statistical agencies played an important role in the emerging command system of the economy. Then the statistical agencies were included in the State Planning Committee system of the USSR.
The research results can be useful in conducting further research, for example, on the results of the first censuses (demographic and industrial) in the early years of Soviet power. The statistical agencies activities and the implementation of the State Commission for Electrification of Russia plan are of great importance and should be consided separately. In addition, the role of statistical agencies in the implementation of industrialization in the USSR is of interest.
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