Vikhodov Aleksandr A. Organizational and legal aspects of the formation and functioning of the workers' and peasants' militia during the period of the formation of the Soviet state
DOI:10.22394/2225-8272-2024-13-4-35-45 EDN: IRAMEF
Keywords:
workers' and peasants' militia, NKVD (People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs), district supervisor, village executor, revolutionary legalityAbstract
The purpose of the article is to study the features of the formation and organization of the workers' and peasants' militia from 1918 to the end of the 20s of the XX century. This is the period of the for-mation of the young Soviet state, overcoming the consequences of the civil war and foreign intervention, as well as the implementation of the new economic policy on the territory of the country. In addition, the article emphasizes the importance of such historical and legal analysis the first attempts of which were undertaken in fact in the mid-20s of the XX century.
The topic of the study requires a systematic and multifaceted approach. The methodology may include several key aspects, each of which is aimed at a deep understanding of both the historical context and the legal basis for the functioning of this structure. The historical method involves the analysis of the historical context of the creation of the workers' and peasants' militia in Russia starting with the revolutionary events of 1917 and up to the 1930s. The comparative legal method will allow to analyze the organizational and legal foundations governing the activities of the RCM, in comparison with other law enforcement agencies, both in the Russian Empire and in other countries. The author, based on the analysis of the legislation of Soviet Russia of this period and domestic historical science, draws conclusions about changes in the appointment, powers and functioning of the workers' and peasants' militia of the NKVD of the RSFSR and the services and units included in it from the moment of the publication of the joint in-struction of the NKVD of the RSFSR and the NCU of the RSFSR of October 12, 1918 until the curtail-ment of the new economic policy. This will allow not only to systematize the existing knowledge, but also to identify new aspects that may be useful for a modern understanding of the organizational and legal foundations of militia activity in the context of the transformation of Russian society.
Having characterized the structural changes in the internal affairs bodies in the period under con-sideration, a conclusion is made on the influence of fundamental transformations in the life of the state and society on the formation and development of the workers' and peasants' militia. Particular attention is paid to the disclosure of «protection of revolutionary order» as the main task of this law enforcement agency during the formation of the Soviet state. In addition, the article emphasizes the heterogeneity of the formation of the workers' and peasants' militia in different areas of the RSFSR and other union re-publics. Based on the analysis, the main trends in the state approach to the creation and development of the workers' and peasants' militia in the period from 1918 to the end of the 20s of the XX century are formulated.
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